The Effect of Sleep Deprivation on Adolescents - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1481 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/08/08 Category Health Essay Level High school Tags: Sleep Deprivation Essay Did you like this example? Does the amount of sleep adolescents get cause or contribute depression and/or anxiety? I became interested in the topic of sleep because I have not been getting enough of it myself and I wanted to know if it was affecting the way I think. I feel that knowing the contribution that sleep has on the brain development of adolescents would help me understand if my lack of sleep is contributing to my anxiety. In addition to that, studying sleeps effect on brain development might help the education system improve the way they teach children with the work they give them to do outside of class.. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Effect of Sleep Deprivation on Adolescents" essay for you Create order Natural Sciences Allen, Nicholas B, et al. Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Adolescent Cognitive-Behavioral Sleep Interventions. Clinical Child Family Psychology Review, Vol. 20 Issue 3, September 2017, p227-249. 23p. Academic Search Complete, doi: 10.1007/s10567-017-0234-5 The article states that most youths get around 9 hours of sleep when unrestricted and less than 8 hours of sleep when restricted, typically on school nights. Adolescents are recommended to get 8 to 10 hours of sleep a night and the article proclaimed that approximately 30% of adolescents suffer from a sleep disorder being either insomnia or delayed sleep phase disorder (DSPS). The article also states that adolescents are susceptible to the same physiological, psychological, and environmental vulnerabilities that cause these disorders as adults as well as still developing responsibilities and social interests, still developing as human beings, and the amount of hormonal changes leading to a perfect storm of sleep imbalance. The article was last updated in September of 2017 and has not been revised. The article focuses on the effects of sleep on mental illnesses. The source used many statistics that younger students would not understand so the intended audience might be high school or college students. The authors of this article were researchers associated with the Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences a part of the University of Melbourne and Oregon Research Institute, several of which have written other credible articles. Since the article focused mostly on the results of their meta-analysis the results may vary from others who recreate it but not by enough to discredit this source and was peer reviewed to add credibility. This article exists to inform of the connection between sleep and some mental disorders. Boynton, Marcella H., Leslie A. Lytle, and Deshira D. Wallace. Multilevel analysis exploring the links between stress, depression, and sleep problems among two-year college students. Journal of American College Health. Vol. 65 Issue 3, April 2017, p187-196. 10p. Academic Search Complete, doi: 10.1080/07448481.2016.1269111 This article covers the connections between depression and stress and sleep issues in college students. Through their study they deduced that in 2-4-year college students 30% of them reported being so depressed that it was difficult to function at some time in the past year (11). It also states that the causes for depression among young adults may be the result of poverty, stressful life events, maltreatment, and family dysfunction (187). With this information the researchers tested a group of 440 college students with 70% of the subjects reporting insufficient sleep. Through their study they found the depression does not affect the quantity of sleep, but it affected the quality. The article was last updated in April of 2017 and has not been revised. The article focuses on the effects of depression on sleep. The source used many statistics that younger students would not understand so the intended audience might be high school or college students. The authors of this article were researchers associated with the UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, several of which have written other credible articles. Since the article focused mostly on the results of their two year study the results may vary from others who recreate it but not by enough to discredit this source and was peer reviewed to add credibility. This article exists to inform of the connection between depression and sleep quality. Carper, Matthew, Philip Kendall, and Jeremy Peterman. Anxiety Disorders and Comorbid Sleep Problems in School-Aged Youth: Review and Future Research Directions. Child Psychiatry Human Development. Vol. 46 Issue 3, June 2015, p376-392. 17p. Academic Search Complete, doi: 10.1007/s10578-014-0478-y The article begins by outlining general issues, such as sleep problems in youths without anxiety, sleep across a youths development, sleep measurement, and negative functional outcome related to sleep disturbances. Questioning into these topics will provide context to understand the current state of the anxiety and sleep literature, including methodological shortcomings and areas that need further investigation. Second, the article explores associations between anxiety and sleep among youth with anxiety disorders, with an emphasis on studies collective strengths and limitations. The article was last updated in June of 2015 and has not been revised. The article focuses on the effects of sleep on an adolescents development. The source used many statistics that younger students would not understand so the intended audience might be high school or college students. The authors of this article were researchers associated with Temple Universitys Child Psychiatry Human Development research program, several of which have written other credible articles. The article used their own research and multiple other articles to confirm their findings along with being peer reviewed. This article exists to inform of the connection between sleep and anxious tendencies in adolescents. Lehto, J. E., and L. Uusitalo?Malmivaara. Sleep-related factors: associations with poor attention and depressive symptoms. Child: Care, Health Development. Vol. 40 Issue 3, May 2014, p419-425. 7p. Academic Search Complete, doi: 10.1111/cch.12063 This article aims to add to the missing area of research of childrens sleep related problems and co-occurring emotional and behavioral disturbances. There is mounting evidence showing that children with ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) have sleep problems. There is also evidence suggesting that the symptoms of ADHD are related to sleep factors in children with no diagnosis of true ADHD and this article intends to prove it. The article was last updated in May of 2014 and has not been revised. The article focuses on the effects of depression on sleep. The source used many statistics that younger students would not understand so the intended audience might be high school or college students. The authors of this article were researchers associated with the Special Education Section of the University of Helsinki, both of which have written other credible articles. The article is based off previous articles relating to the subject along with their own research that has been peer reviewed. This article exists to inform of the connection between sleep quantity and behavioral disturbances. Social Sciences Gayathri, R., and Abigail Nirandhi Ranasinghe. Awareness of effects of sleep deprivation among college students. Drug Invention Today. Vol. 10 Issue 9, September 2018, p1806-1809. 4p. Academic Search Complete This article explains the effects of sleep deprivation on college aged students. This article shows that sleep deprivation can be either chronic or acute which changes the effect it has. A chronic sleep-restricted state can cause fatigue, daytime sleepiness, clumsiness, and weight loss or weight gain. It adversely affects the brain and cognitive function. Sleep deprivation tends to cause slower brain waves in the frontal cortex, shortened attention span, higher anxiety, impaired memory, and a grouchy mood. The article was last updated in September of 2018 and has not been revised. The article focuses on the effects of sleep deprivation on the lives of college students. The source used many statistics that younger students would not understand so the intended audience might be high school or college students. The authors of this article were researchers associated with the Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, both of which have written other credible articles. The article references other articles relating to the subject and has been peer reviewed. This article exists to inform of the connection between sleep deprivation and the mental state of college students. Louca, Mia, and Michelle A. Short. Sleep deprivation leads to mood deficits in healthy adolescents. Sleep Medicine. Vol. 16 Issue 8, August 2015, p987-993. 7p. Academic Search Complete, doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2015.03.007 The objectives of the study were to investigate the effects of thirty-six hours of sleep deprivation on the discrete mood states of anger, depression, anxiety, confusion, fatigue, and vigor in healthy adolescents. This study provides empirical support for the notion that sleep loss can causally affect mood states in healthy adolescents, with females having heightened vulnerability. The article was last updated in August of 2015 and has not been revised. The article focuses on the effects of sleep on adolescents moods. The source used many statistics that younger students would not understand so the intended audience might be high school or college students. The authors of this article were researchers associated with the Centre for Sleep Research at the University of South Australia, both of which have written other credible articles. The article was mostly their own lab work that was peer reviewed with the help of previous articles on similar subject matter. This article exists to inform of the connection between depression and sleep quality.

The Drug War Of The United States - 1626 Words

The drug war in the U.S. has been waged on civil fronts for over four decades and has not only proven to be not only futile but at times even more damaging to society than the drugs themselves. The once virtuous intent of this ‘war’ has been corrupted by police unions and dirty politicians who have turned it into a carefully crafted system of capitalistic enterprise, designed push their political agenda by perpetuating the myth that drugs are the primary threat to our nation. Zero tolerance laws and strict prohibition have failed to achieve their goal of eliminating the supply and demand for drugs. In contrast, legalization in the Netherlands and Europe has already been in place for several years now, and with great success. Portugal has lived with 14 years of full legalization after their government admitted to both the futility, and counter-productive failure of their drug war. Income that was used to imprison part of the population is now being used to educate, couns el, and rehabilitate those who are caught in possession of substances. The U.S. government must also come to realize that their efforts to fight this invisible war have in reducing drug use, while at the same time, escalating violence, intensifying racism, and creating broken homes and families. The best way to demolish this corrupt system is through the legalization of all class B drugs along with the use, but not the production, or trafficking of all Class A drugs. America began fighting its war on drugs inShow MoreRelatedThe War On Drugs And The United States956 Words   |  4 PagesThe War on Drugs has become an epidemic today that has afflicted in the United States and the United Nations; both are influenced by international drug laws which preserve the criminal justice system. These new laws promote an ineffective policies on the war on drugs. Therefore, communities are locked while the promotion of illicit drugs become the dominate framework to organized crimes. Today, the war on drugs continues to be an ongoing battle within our society. This paper will examine these issuesRead MoreThe War On Drugs And The United States1506 Words   |  7 Pages When, in 1971, Richard Nixon infamously declared a â€Å"war on drugs† it would have been nearly impossible for him to predict the collective sense of disapprobation which would come to accompany the now ubiquitous term. It would have been difficult for him to predict that the drug war would become a hot topic, a highly contentious and polarizing point of debate and, it would have difficult for him to predict that the United States would eventually become the prison capital of the world, incarceratingRead MoreDrug Wars : The United States1643 Words   |  7 PagesDrug Wars. When people hear the term â€Å"Drug Wars† they think that the cause of all the Drugs and Violence flowing through into the United States, is all Mexico’s fault, that Mexico is the cause of so many deaths and a War that the United States thinks it’s â€Å"Winning†, but they are not even making a little dent. Interestingly enough, Mexico is not the only cause of this War going o n around the Border, The United States plays a big role around the Drug Wars as well. THE TIES THE U.S. HAS WITH MEXICANRead MoreThe War On Drugs And The United States1555 Words   |  7 PagesThe War on Drugs has been an ongoing effect ever since the Civil War introduced the drug morphine to the world. In the years since people have been coming up with drugs more lethal than morphine such as cocaine, methamphetamine, heroin, and so on and so forth. The War on Drugs is dangerous and leads to many deaths throughout the years. America has set up agencies such as the Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) and other drug task force teams throughout the United States. Even though we may not be ableRead MoreThe War On Drugs And The United States1063 Words   |  5 PagesThe War on Drugs has become an epidemic today afflicting United States and the United Nations; which are swayed by global drug laws which preserve the criminal justice system. These new laws promote an ineffective policy on the war on drug. Therefore, communities are locked while the promotion of illicit drugs bec omes the dominate framework to organized crimes. Today, the war on drugs continues to be an ongoing battle within our society. This paper will examine these issues focusing primarily onRead MoreThe War On Drugs And The United States1063 Words   |  5 PagesThe War on Drugs has become an epidemic today afflicting United States and the United Nations; which are swayed by global drug laws which preserve the criminal justice system. These new laws promote an ineffective policies on the war on drug. Therefore, communities are locked while the promotion of illicit drugs becomes the dominate framework to organized crimes. Today, the war on drugs continues to be an ongoing battle within our society. This paper will examine these issues focusing primarily onRead MoreThe United State War On Drugs1005 Words   |  5 PagesThe United States government has been wasting millions of dollars each year on a worthless war that cannot be won. This war is explained in detail by author Art Caden in t heir essay â€Å"Let’s Be Blunt† about the United State war on drugs. The war on drugs began in 1971 under the order of President Richard Nixon, and it was one of the worst decisions he ever made. It has been nothing but a waste of government funding, time, and manpower that can only be described as a dismal failure and should be repealedRead MoreThe War On Drugs And The United States871 Words   |  4 Pages In the United States crime rates have been on a decline for years, but the United States still has the largest number of people incarcerated in the world. The â€Å"war on drugs† as well as policy’s by the government to be â€Å"tough on crime† has lead to the uprising of corporate prisons, which are known as for-profit prisons, and private prisons. Private prisons have also lead to States, and federal prisons to become worse when it comes to programs to rehabilitate those who are incarcerated, so thatRead MoreUnited States War On Drugs Es say1575 Words   |  7 PagesHumanities Independent Research Essay Thompson Lin Block B 10-1 Research Question: To what extent has the United States’ â€Å"War on Drugs† been successful in reducing illicit drug abuse in the country? The â€Å"War on Drugs† is a term generally referred in America to the campaign aiming to reduce drug abuse in the country. The term first appeared in July 18 1971, when former U.S. President Richard Nixon started the campaign. However, on April 9, 2015, President Obama publicly announced that the policyRead MoreThe War On Drugs And The United States Essay2046 Words   |  9 PagesFor many years, drugs have been the center of crime and the criminal justice system in the United States. Due to this widespread epidemic, President Richard Nixon declared the â€Å"War on Drugs† in 1971 with a campaign that promoted the prohibition of illicit substances and implemented policies to discourage the overall production, distribution, and consumption. The War on Drugs and the U.S. drug policy has experienced the most significant and complex challenges between criminal law and the values of

Embracing Customer Relationship Management †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Embracing Customer Relationship Management. Answer: Introduction ABC is an Australian based private tourist network that attracts more than 200,000 families in a span on one year. The business includes the primary tourist attractions that can be visited along one of major Australian highways. The business serves the customers that are from Australian and also from other international locations. There are many loopholes present in the current system that is followed for the management and execution of the business activities. This leads to the inability to meet the customer expectations. One of the major drawbacks of the current system is the inability to be accessed on the mobile platforms. In order to overcome such issues, it has been proposed that an automated system shall be developed with many new functions and features. The four primary areas that will be targeted in this task would be finance management, scheduling activities, human resource management and the customer relationship and interface management. The document is a report for the project that covers the planning and management details around the project. Assumptions Limitations The skill set of the project human resources are adequate and as per the business specifications and their fulfillment for the project. There will be a lot of planning necessary for the project as it is huge and also belongs to the category of critical projects. The funds and expenses necessary for the execution and fulfillment of the project activities will be arranged by the Project Sponsor. The budget along with the schedule that is determined for the project is fixed and it would not be possible to make any enhancements in these two areas associated with the project. The work environment and the set of tools necessary for the execution of the project activities will be provided and arranged in advance for the project resources (Peslak, 2012). The project will be managed by using and applying the project management methodology as Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK). The project will be completed in a series of phases as initiation, planning, development, testing, documentation and closure. PMBOK methodology has five phases as initiation, planning, execution, control and closure. The activities that come under PMBOK will be applied and synced with the project phases. There will be many estimates that will be set and decided for the project in the planning phase. These would primarily include schedule, budget, scope and resources. The initiation stage must cover the feasibility analysis and chartering processes followed by estimation of schedule, budget, scope and resources in the planning phase. The execution must focus upon the management of design, development and integration activities. The control phase must include the review and monitoring along with the implementation and testing processes. The final closure phase must involve the acceptance and sign offs along with the submission of closure report. Project Scope Management The project shall be designed and developed with five modules as finance management, HR management, schedule management, customer relationship management and facility management. The automated system would be made accessible on web and mobile platforms. The project resources will integrate and test the five modules and will release a single eunit (Mirza, Pourzolfaghar and Shahnazari, 2013). The automated system will be deployed at the client side and will be made available to the end users with the desired design and functionalities implemented in it. The information associated with the requirements will be collected and analyzed and accordingly the planning will be carried out. The system will also be designed with the qualities like reliability, availability, security and good performance. Out-of-Scope Third-party delays and cancellations will not be handled by the project team. The changes requests not approved by the sponsor will not be handled (Randolph, 2013). Any negotiations with the third-parties will not be covered Time Estimates Schedule Management Apart from the time estimations, budget estimations and scope management, the following groups or modules will be used and implemented in the project as the modules and the management activities will also be based on the same. Finance Management System: Additional costs present in the current system in terms of the cost of brochures and printing costs will be eliminated and budget will be managed with ease (O'Leary, 2009). The project management must carry out and apply the management activities such as planning, monitoring and control to understand the progress and adherence to the best practices. Human Resource Management System: The management activities such as increase discussions and interactions with the human resources along with resource tracking shall be implemented and the same shall be applied in the project activities as well for efficient management of the human resources (Gagnon, 2006). Scheduling Tasks: The system shall make sure that the customer bookings are analyzed and the resources are accordingly provided. The safety measures, upgrading of the database and tracking of the customers shall be performed. The management must make sure that verification and validation techniques are applied in this area to track the progress. Customer Relationship Management System: The customer management and interface requirements will be met by making the information available on the mobile as well as web platforms. Social media groups and networks will be used to provide the customers with the required details. Also, the assistance will be provided in terms of support and query areas (Ayiri and Kudzanayi, 2017). Facility Management System: This module will be managed by implementing the advanced incident recording and response facilities in the system. The same controls will be used for project management as well. Reporting Requirements Report Name Report Frequency Submitted to Mode of Reporting Daily Status Report Daily Project Manager E-mails Weekly Status Report Weekly Project Sponsor SharePoint Change Requests Report Bi-Monthly Project Manager SharePoint Defect Report Monthly Project Manager and Sponsor SharePoint Closure Report Once At Project Completion Project Sponsor SharePoint Project Risk Management There may be many risks that may emerge during the project. An approach will be necessary for the management of the risks and this approach will have numerous phases as graphically represented below. The above diagram represents the process that shall be used for the management of the risks in this case. The information system that will be developed for ABC Company may have many risks due to the industry type and nature of the project. The first step in the risk management process shall be the identification of the risks. In this phase or sub-process, all forms of risks irrespective of their nature, type, priority and severity shall be identified and listed. This information and identification shall be performed on the basis of the information that shall be collected from various sources. These sources shall include the project stakeholders, market information, legacy systems etc. The next sub-process shall be the analysis of the risks. In this sub-process, the risks that are identified shall be analyzed in terms of the project specifications, stages and accomplishment in terms of the likelihood, impact and rank. The risks shall then be evaluated in the third stage in which the risks that may be accepted shall be identified. The ones that cannot be accepted shall be moved to the fourth sub-process as risk treatment. Risk treatment is a sub-process in which various treatment policies and mechanisms shall be identified and applied. There can be various treatment processes that can be applied in the form of mitigation, avoidance or transfer. The strategy applicable to every risk shall be decided and implemented. The monitoring and control activities associated with the risks shall be carried out in the last stage with the submission of a closure report. Risk Register Risk Name Risk Likelihood (1-5, 5 is highest) Risk Impact (1-5, 5 is highest) Risk Rank (Likelihood * Impact) Risk Treatment Strategy Security Risks and Attacks 4 4 16 Risk Avoidance Use of technical , physical and administrative security controls Quality Issues 2 5 10 Risk Avoidance Training on quality standards and monitoring of adherence to the standards Operational Errors 5 3 15 Risk Avoidance Training on operational processes and monitoring of adherence to the standards Schedule Overrun 2 5 10 Risk Avoidance Tracking of the project activities against the estimated schedule Technical Faults 4 3 12 Risk Mitigation Use of alternative tools Legal/Political Risks 1 5 5 Risk Avoidance Training on legal policies and monitoring of adherence to the standards Budget Overrun 4 5 20 Risk Avoidance Tracking of the project activities against the estimated budget Monitoring, Review Evaluation The monitoring and review processes shall be carried out by the Project Manager and the senior leadership. These processes must include the execution of the verification and validation techniques to understand the progress of the project, adherence to the best practices along with conflicts, disputes, risks and problems. These processes must include a review plan prepared in the beginning and the same shall be followed. The results of these processes shall be discussed internally and shall also be informed to the project sponsor. The success of the project shall be evaluated by using the following methods and techniques: The actual schedule of the project shall be matched with the estimated schedule and the gap in the two values shall be nil or minimal for considering the project a success. The actual budget of the project shall be matched with the estimated budget and the gap in the two values shall be nil or minimal for considering the project a success. The feedback shall be acquired from the project sponsor, end-users and other stakeholders and it must be analyzed. The feedback shall be positive to ensure success. The actual features and specifications of the project shall be matched with the estimated requirements and specifications and the gap in the two values shall be nil or minimal for considering the project a success. The number of defects in the final defect report shall be zero or low and there shall be no major or critical defects present. Resource Management There will be internal and external resources that will be involved with the project that must be managed correctly. There must be specific approach and steps used for the management of the internal and external resources associated with the project. There shall be a daily team meeting organized and facilitated by the Project Manager and all the internal resources must attend the meeting (Muller and Turner, 2007). The project activities, issues, risks and conflicts shall be discussed and resolved in the meeting (Kock, Heising and Gemunden, 2016). The meeting notes shall be circulated at the end of the meeting to all the internal resources. The Project Manager must carry out one-on-one discussions with the project resources to understand their ideas and problems. An internal tool and server shall be set up for exchange of mails, documents, messages and information. The performance of the resources shall be measured at the end and the associated rewards shall be provided. External Resource Management The Project Manager must have a weekly meeting with the external stakeholders and sponsor of the project. The project progress shall be informed and the suggestions must be taken for improvement. The change requests shall be acquired from the sponsor with the approvals and additional enhancements. The total cost of the project has been estimated to be AUD 75,000. It has been done using bottom up estimation technique and the costs that are allocated are justified because of the analysis involved in the project activities, project resources involved and the time required to complete the project. Per unit cost has been estimated and the assignment has been carefully done so as to meet the project requirements. For the development of the information system for the private tourist business, the development methodology that shall be used in this case shall be agile methodology for product development. This methodology has been recommended due to the nature of the project and the requirements that need to be accomplished in the project. There are possibilities wherein the project requirements may change or get altered in the advanced stages of the project. With the use of agile methodology, it would be easy to incorporate the changes without any major impacts on the other modules or the overall project progress. There will be many other advantages that will be offered by the agile methodology to the project. It would make sure that the system that is designed is flexible and scalable in nature. Technology is witnessing many changes and these changes are extremely rapid. It is necessary for the present day systems and applications to be designed and developed in such a manner that the changes can be easily made in future as well. Agile methodology will provide this ability to the system and the incorporation of future scaling will be smooth and hassle free. The transparency and communication with the end users and the project sponsor will also be maintained all throughout the project. This will not be restricted to the final stages of the project only. However, the recommendations and feedback will be collected during every stage and at the end of iteration. This will ensure that the areas of improvement are highlighted and the actions are taken to meet the customer expectations. The product development will be carried out in the form of iterations which will be referred as sprints. All the project requirements will be broken down in many different sub-requirements and functions and each of these sets will be allocated to the iterations. The requirements of a particular iteration will be met and completed and the final requirement set will be created. Conclusion The project has been analyzed in terms of the resources involved, project requirements, nature of the project, project dependencies etc. The management methodology that has been selected for the project as PMBOK will be apt for this case on the basis of these different factors (Greenberger, 2016). There shall also be different trainings that shall be set up and arranged for the project resources. These trainings shall be in association with the new system that will be developed. Also, the trainings on the quality and ethical standards and practices that must be followed shall also be informed and made aware to the project resources. There will be many changes in the business operations and the way they will be executed. These changes must also be considered and managed using the PMBOK guidelines. The changes must be listed and the corresponding change management approach must be applied for better handling and management. The security issues associated with the project shall be managed by using the various basic and advanced security concepts and tools. These shall include the use of access control mechanisms, intrusion detection systems, authentication systems, firewalls, proxy servers, network monitoring systems, anti-malware tools and many more such controls and measures. References Ayiri, G. and Kudzanayi, G. (2017). Embracing Customer Relationship Management (CRM) to Improve Organisational Viability by Small Businesses in Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 19(01), pp.50-54. Gagnon, S. (2006). Globalizing Human Resource Management - Paul Sparrow, Chris Brewster and Hilary Harris. Human Resource Management Journal, 16(3), pp.331-332. Greenberger, L. (2016). Effective Communications for Project Success. Remediation Journal, 26(2), pp.121-128. Kock, A., Heising, W. and Gemunden, H. (2016). A Contingency Approach on the Impact of Front-End Success on Project Portfolio Success. Project Management Journal, 47(2), pp.115-129. Mirza, M., Pourzolfaghar, Z. and Shahnazari, M. (2013). Significance of Scope in Project Success. Procedia Technology, 9, pp.722-729. Muller, R. and Turner, R. (2007). The Influence of Project Managers on Project Success Criteria and Project Success by Type of Project. European Management Journal, 25(4), pp.298-309. O'Leary, D. (2009). Downloads and citations inIntelligent Systems in Accounting, Finance and Management. Intelligent Systems in Accounting, Finance Management, 16(1-2), pp.21-31. Peslak, A. (2012). Information Technology Project Management and Project Success. International Journal of Information Technology Project Management, 3(3), pp.31-44. Randolph, S. (2013). Projects and Complexity. Project Management Journal, 44(3), pp.e2-e2.